Manuscript Preparation Guidelines

These Manuscript Preparation Guidelines provide authors with the requirements and recommendations for preparing and submitting manuscripts for consideration. Authors are encouraged to read these guidelines carefully before submission to help ensure a smooth and efficient editorial process.

Open Access Policy

Articles published in electronic and print formats are made available for access by individual academics, researchers, and other interested readers, subject to the applicable open access license and copyright terms.

Manuscript Submission

Authors should prepare their manuscripts in accordance with the journal’s formatting and submission requirements.

By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that the work is original and is not currently under review, consideration, or publication with another journal or publisher.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all information provided during submission is accurate and complete.

Manuscript Style and Format

File Formats and Layout

Manuscripts should be submitted in one of the following formats:

• Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx)
• Rich Text Format (.rtf)

Microsoft Word files should not be password-protected, locked, or otherwise restricted from editing.

All manuscripts must be written in clear, standard English. Authors should maintain consistent spelling, grammar, terminology, formatting, and style throughout the manuscript.

Length and Structure

There are generally no specific restrictions on manuscript word count, article length, number of figures or tables, or supplementary information. However, authors are encouraged to present their research clearly, concisely, and in sufficient detail to facilitate understanding by readers.

Headings, subheadings, and other appropriate section titles should be clearly identified and consistently formatted throughout the manuscript.

Article Preparation Guidelines

Types of Articles

The journal may consider a variety of scholarly and scientific article types, including:

• Original Research Articles
• Review Articles
• Mini Reviews
• Case Reports
• Commentaries
• Editorials
• Letters to the Editor
• Abstracts
• Addendums
• Announcements
• Book Reviews
• Rapid Communications
• Short Communications
• Annual Meeting Abstracts
• Conference Proceedings
• Corrections
• Discussions
• Meeting Reports
• News
• Orations
• Product Reviews
• Hypotheses

The suitability of a submission will be determined by the editorial team according to the journal’s scope and editorial policies.

Cover Letter

Each manuscript submission should be accompanied by a cover letter briefly explaining:

• The importance and significance of the research
• The principal findings and relevance of the work
• Confirmation that all authors agree to the submission and publication of the manuscript
• The approximate word count
• The number of figures and tables
• Details of any supplementary information

The cover letter should also include the corresponding author’s complete contact information, including institutional or mailing address, telephone number, fax number where applicable, and email address.

Abstract

Manuscripts should include an informative abstract of no more than 300 words, unless otherwise specified by the journal.

The abstract should provide a concise overview of the study and should generally include:

• Background or research context
• Objectives or purpose
• Methods
• Principal results or findings
• Conclusions

The abstract should be clear and informative and should accurately reflect the content of the manuscript.

References should generally not be cited in the abstract. Unnecessary abbreviations, numerical data, units of measurement, and specialized terminology should be avoided unless essential to understanding the study.

Standard scientific nomenclature should be used wherever applicable.

Keywords and Abbreviations

Authors should provide 3–10 keywords that accurately represent the main subjects of the manuscript.

Abbreviations should be used only when necessary. Each abbreviation should be defined at its first occurrence in the main text, followed by the abbreviation in parentheses. Thereafter, the abbreviation may be used consistently.

Manuscript Title

The manuscript title should accurately and concisely describe the content of the article.

The title should:

• Be clear, specific, and informative
• Ideally contain no more than 25 words
• Avoid unnecessary abbreviations
• Accurately reflect the subject and scope of the research

Author Information

The manuscript should include the following information for all authors:

• Full name
• Institutional affiliation
• Department, where applicable
• Institution or organization
• City and country

The corresponding author should additionally provide complete contact details, including telephone number and email address. Fax details may be provided where applicable.

Main Body of the Manuscript

Introduction

The Introduction should provide sufficient background information to establish the context and significance of the research. It should clearly explain the purpose, objectives, research question, or hypothesis of the study.

Relevant and up-to-date literature should be discussed where appropriate. The Introduction should provide readers with a clear understanding of why the study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods

The Materials and Methods section should provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be understood and, where appropriate, reproduced by other researchers.

This section should include relevant information regarding:

• Study design
• Materials and subjects
• Experimental procedures
• Methodology
• Comparisons or controls
• Interventions
• Data collection
• Statistical or other analytical methods

New or substantially modified procedures should be described in adequate detail. Previously established methods may be described briefly with appropriate references to the original sources.

For products or materials identified by trade names, the manufacturer’s name and relevant location should be provided where appropriate.

Results

The Results section should clearly and objectively present the findings of the study.

Results should be supported by appropriate experimental or analytical details. Tables and figures may be used where they improve the presentation and understanding of the findings.

When describing the authors’ experiments and observations, the past tense should generally be used. The present tense may be used when referring to established facts or previously published findings.

Discussion and Conclusion

The Discussion and Conclusion may be presented as separate sections or combined, depending on the article type and journal requirements.

The Discussion should interpret the findings in the context of existing literature, explain their significance, and address the implications and limitations of the study where appropriate.

The Conclusion should provide a concise summary of the principal findings and their significance. A separate Conclusion section may be optional depending on the article type.

Acknowledgements

The Acknowledgements section should recognize individuals, institutions, organizations, funding agencies, grants, or other sources of support that contributed to the work but do not qualify for authorship.

Authors should provide accurate grant and funding information. Information included in this section may be published with the final accepted manuscript.

References

References should be relevant to the manuscript and should primarily include published or accepted-for-publication scholarly articles, books, and book chapters.

Where appropriate, authors may also cite conference papers, scientific or technical reports, official websites, and other reliable sources.

Citation Style

A numbered citation-sequence system is preferred.

References should be numbered consecutively according to their first appearance in the manuscript. Citation numbers should be placed in square brackets within the text.

Multiple references may be cited using commas, while consecutive references may be indicated using a range. For example:

[1, 4–8, 27]

Authors are encouraged to provide an online link or DOI for each reference, preferably linking to a recognized scholarly database or publisher page, where available. These links may be used to facilitate electronic linking of references.

Reference Format

References should follow a consistent format:

Author(s) (Year) Article title. Journal Short Title Volume: Page numbers.

Example:

Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL (2002) Solid organ transplants in HIV patients. Curr HIV Res 11: 218–224.

Where a reference has more than five authors, the first five authors may be listed followed by “et al.”

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all references are accurate, complete, and appropriately cited in the manuscript.

Tables

Tables should be used only when they add meaningful value to the presentation of the research.

Authors should:

• Number tables consecutively according to their appearance in the text.
• Provide each table with a clear and self-explanatory title.
• Provide appropriate table legends or notes where necessary.
• Submit tables in an editable format.
• Place each table on a separate page where required by the journal.

Tables should not be submitted as images or screenshots.

Data may be copied from Microsoft Excel and pasted into a Word document. However, Excel worksheets or files should not be embedded as objects within the Word manuscript.

Figures

Figures should be submitted in an editable Word document where appropriate or as high-resolution TIFF or JPEG files.

Authors should ensure that figures are of sufficient quality and resolution for publication.

Figures should be numbered consecutively according to their order of appearance in the manuscript. Where a figure contains multiple panels, use uppercase letters to identify the panels, for example:

Figure 1, Figure 1A, Figure 1B

Each figure should have a clear and informative caption. Figure captions should explain the figure sufficiently without unnecessarily repeating information already provided in the main text.

Figure and table legends should be provided at the appropriate location in the manuscript, preferably at the end of the manuscript when required by the journal.

Equations

Authors are encouraged to use MathType or an equivalent equation-editing tool for mathematical expressions and equations.

Where equations cannot be provided in an appropriate editable or MathML-compatible format, they may be submitted as high-quality TIFF or EPS files where necessary.

All equations and graphical elements should be legible and maintain consistent font size and formatting throughout the manuscript.

Article Processing Charges and Fee Policy

If an article is accepted for publication, an Article Processing Charge (APC) may apply to cover costs associated with editorial processing, peer review administration, production, hosting, archiving, and publication.

The submitting or corresponding author is responsible for the applicable APC. The standard APC may be USD 999, depending on the article type, applicable funding support, and the economic or income classification of the author’s country.

The applicable fee, if any, will be communicated during the publication process.

Once a payment has been processed, it is generally non-refundable, except where a refund is required by applicable law or the publisher’s stated refund policy.

Manuscript Withdrawal Policy

Authors may withdraw a manuscript without a withdrawal fee if the withdrawal request is submitted within 2 days of the original submission date, provided that the manuscript has not already progressed to a stage where withdrawal-related costs have been incurred.

If an author requests withdrawal after the manuscript has been accepted for publication, a withdrawal charge equivalent to 50% of the applicable Article Processing Charge may apply. This charge is intended to cover costs already incurred during editorial processing, peer review administration, production, and publication preparation.

Withdrawal requests should be submitted by the corresponding author and may be subject to editorial approval.

Supplementary Information

Supplementary Information is optional and may include additional figures, tables, datasets, methodological details, or other supporting material that is relevant to the manuscript but not essential to the main text.

Supplementary files should be clearly identified and referenced at the appropriate points within the manuscript.

Where applicable, supplementary materials should be submitted as separate files in an accepted format, such as Microsoft Word or other formats specified by the journal.

Manuscript Proofs and Reprints

Following acceptance and production, a galley proof or electronic proof in PDF format may be provided to the corresponding author for final review.

Authors should carefully check the proof for typographical, formatting, or minor clerical errors and return any corrections within the timeframe specified by the editorial office.

Proof corrections should generally be limited to errors introduced during production or minor corrections. Substantive changes to the manuscript are normally not permitted at the proof stage.

Authors may request printed reprints of their published article, where available. Reprints may be subject to additional charges and availability.

For inquiries regarding reprints or publication-related matters, please contact the editorial office.

Open Access License

Unless otherwise stated for a particular article or journal, articles may be published under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License.

Under this license, readers may share, copy, redistribute, and adapt the published material, including for commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source and that adaptations are distributed under the same license terms.

Authors and readers should review the applicable license terms associated with the published article.

Contact Address

For manuscript submissions, editorial inquiries, publication-related questions, or other correspondence, please contact at: info@gscpublishers.com